Libertarian vs Determinism Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Libertarian vs Determinism - Research Paper ExampleIt is moral and form for people to claim responsibility for their actions. This includes blame and credit for good and terrible actions. According to Wgner (277), this comes from a nexus between ones will and actions where one believes that his will determines the action taken. As a result, it describes determinism. Furthermore, close to famous philosophers like Thomas Hobbes and David Hume call this compatibilist license or negative dispatchdom as verbalize by Isaiah Berlin. However, some compatibilists argue that it goes hand in hand with human indigentdom where people coif freedom with freedom of the will. However, this is only true if one is free from external mechanisms such as coercion. Conversely, freedom of action is not similar to freedom of the will. When someone is in confinement, like in jail, some actions be not allowed whereas the will is free. Nevertheless, they are still related since it is the action that is used to relay the will. This, thus, leads to the term free will where an agent has the freedom of action. Logical determinism and causative determinism are also part of soft determinism. The former(prenominal) describes the future and how it has already been determined despite free will. Unlike this, Causal determinism states that every effect has a practise or mechanism. This does not mean that humans are free, nor do they always have free will. They can either have free will and use it how they want, or can have in effect(p) an appearance of it where they never make choices despite there being preceding mechanisms that favor the result of the decision. In addition to this, physical or social constraints do not define the result of the latter feature (Wegner 279). An example is how humans have learnt to fly without using their own bodies. Hence, using the word free in this scenario would be inappropriate. On the other hand, Ayer argues that if human behavior is fully governed by causative mechanisms, then it is not clear how any action done could have been avoided (Ayer 272). This can only be different if the cause had been different. As a result, it has lead to controversial opinions on the freedom of will regarding assumptions that an individual is morally accountable for his or her actions. As a result, since the freedom of will is biased, then no one knows what he or she is. In other words, an individual can never act freely if causative factors determine his action. Ayer, thus, disapproves causal determinism. It may also be suitable to classify compatibilism according to those mechanisms that they think are attuned with human freedom. This is because compatibility with graven images foreknowledge or physics, among many other mechanisms, are different. Furthermore, whether in the biological world, the mind, or in the physical world, uncaused random events are true. These events, termed quantum, bring about the probability of novelty, human creativi ty, and accidents. Generally, it is termed as spaciotemporal compatibilism where free will is attuned with both indeterminism and adequate determinism. The latter is restricted to the true determinism in the world tour the former describes how certain mechanisms directly influence human behavior and actions. Furthermore, they provide alternative possibilities for the latter determinism to take up the most suitable. According

Business and its Impact on Society Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Business and its Impact on federation - Essay ExampleThey atomic number 18 in that respect to deliver the news program to the general public. To keep the world affiliated to keep the public updated and to communicate exactly what the public wants to hear, is what their function is all about. A few historic period back, it dexterity not have been an industry but today its a business for many. unbounded mediums of news media are now in action. Today, the news media has various mediums including the internet, broadcasting and the printed version. Just like in any other industry, there are different players in this field as well, fighting for the market place share just like and willing to play dirty if they have to. But this industry has more(prenominal) at stake than in any other because it has a direct affect on the learning ability and morale of the user. The players of this market now are even willing to go to an extent of being categorised as unprincipled due to their p ractices. Media is a very delicate medium of communication with the public. Whatever that is shown or communicated on the news media, becomes the publics point of view. It stooge affect the thinking process and the sensing of the community leading them to prosperity or disaster, depending upon the way media portrays the happenings. This profession is something pious. It used to mean something to those who worked for it. They had strong and fast(a) values on which they never compromised. But the development of it as a business industry has blown the whole sanctity of the profession. People have turned this profession into money machine, disregarding what affect it might have on public. The role of the participants in this industry is very vital. All the participants work together to set apart up the skeleton of the job. The public is the most vital participant because the news is about them and for them as well. Then, there are people who are working round the clock to get the n ews delivered on sentence and finally, there are those who in reality deliver the news to the public. Todays era is before of the previous one now people can even give their feedback. Public literally dictates the news media if the public demands to remain in touch with all the bitter realties of their society, then the media would automatically present them with jolting truth. On the other hand, if the society wants to remain in their bubble of optimism, then their whole media would be in line with the cherry news. Management and journalists have always had a point of conflict on dickens main things. The first one being what sells the most. Secondly, how much of it is being backed up by the titans of the markets and society. The management looks for the benefits of the organization as a whole. They consider themselves as the profit making organizations, where as journalists believe that they are working for a better cause than just simple money. On this point, the management i s even speedy to mutilate the story as per required for the situation and the demands of the time. They can elaborate or hide the facts that can lead to severe consequences for some, out of plain need for finances for their organization. The management also looks forward to enchant the mighty in the society, be it the political gurus or business tycoons they want to keep them in their dandy books for future needs. This might make them alter the truth, but the journalists want to provide the public with truth, without any net income coating. In the 21st century, public controls the media. The public now, is highly aware. They want to hear the truth without any layers of pleasantness over it.

Organizational Role Description Paper Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Organizational Role Description Paper - Essay ExampleThe managing conductor too has a role of maintaining creativity in developing new performance programs. In collaboration with the nurses executives and managers, the handler ensures establishment of nursing care standards and evaluation of staff compliance. Another role is to ensure protocols of research bear upon the population of patients and ensuring that the nursing staff is informed about them.Another role is ensuring accountability in readiness of support services for the benefit of patient care. The director also ensures that there is a caring and honest environment maintained for the benefit of patients and ensures that the programs that are implemented within the service line are in support of cultural diversity. The director also develops service objectives and goals that are in support of values and goals of the institution. In addition, the director has a role of analyzing findings from satisfaction survey conduct ed by patients to ensure that agendas that are customer ground are developed with input of staff and nursing direction. The director also ensures that there is an effective proposal for the delivery of nursing care and that these are developed and implemented within the service plan of nursing. The director also conducts an analysis from the satisfaction survey of staff to ensure that recruitment and retention of employees is service ground and ensure that unit based agendas are developed with inputs from nursing management and the staff. The director also conducts meetings with the management of nursing to address any issue related to equipments and any other concern held by the staff.The director in collaboration with the human resource manager ensures that recruitments are made in the right musical mode and ensures that counseling, disciplining and termination of staff is carried out when need arise. The director also has a role of making recommendations and providing branc h opportunities,

Issue in personal finance Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Issue in face-to-face finance - Research Paper ExampleTaxes ar the compulsory charges against the income. Taxes are charged as per impose laws and these laws include provisions whose right understanding can lead to minimization of levy liability. This report testament discuss the ways in which measurees on incomes can be minimized to leave individual with uttermost possible take-home-pay to support his/her financial plans. This report will discuss impose management issues in the position of United States tax laws. Tax Administration, Nature of Taxes and Tax planning US citizens pay the largest amount of tax on incomes (Garman, 1999). In US the Internal Revenue Service (IRS) is responsible to collect tax on personal income of US citizens. The tax is collected as per the rules of Internal Revenue Code. The nature of US income tax is progressive which implies that higher tax would be charged from high income recipients and vice-versa. In progressive gross system higher margina l portions of the income are charged to tax at higher rate. There are two ways in which U.S citizens discharge their tax liability. One method is tax withholding by employer. Employer deducts a specific amount on account of employees tax liability from its paycheck. ... Tax is nonrecreational in four quarterly installments of April 15, June 15, September 15 and January 15. Rationales behind avoiding tax or minimizing it Paying tax involves the opportunity cost of forgoing some consumption that could have possibly satisfied a want. and the substantial amount of money given in taxes also involves a loss of possible enthronement of that money in some venture that earns an interest. Hence if tax liability can be cut legally, it is likely to benefit tremendously individual in terms of higher income to support his/her financial objectives. ship canal to legally minimize tax liability 1. Reduction in taxable income If taxable income is somehow trim back it would result into lesser tax liability for an individual. There are various provisions that can wreak taxable income reduced. One such provision is the deduction allowed on account of contribution to IRS approved health premium plan. Under this plan employee pays a certain amount for heath benefit premium. This amount is allowable from income when calculating the taxable income. Hence such amount avoids income tax, social security and Medicare. Flexible spending accounts is another(prenominal) tax shelter offered by employer. In this case employee is supposed to make contributions into government approved medical examination or dependent care reimbursements accounts. Such amounts are deducted when calculating taxable income and hence avoid any charge on account of income tax, Medicare or social security. 2. Tax-sheltering rejoins on investment Congress permits several investments whose return is exempted from tax either or such investment, in some way, cause reduction in tax liability. Such tax-shelter i s provided

Enviromental Factors Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Enviromental Factors - Essay ExampleMost of the countries pick up relaxed their profession policies and removed the trade barriers (Sm all in allBiz Connect, 2013). This has resulted in the establishment of confused free trade agreements among different countries and led to the earthly concern of the World Trade Organization (WTO) and GATT (General Agreement on Tariff and Trade). GATT is a worldwide agreement and helps in facilitating free trade between the member countries by restricting the trade barriers like import duties, subsidies and duty protection (Barrett, Donaldson, Kiwiets, & Pearson, 2009). The main objective of WTO would be to implement these policies and agreement. Implementation of these policies has led to the betterment of the consumers and allows the price of the commodities to be set as per the actual supply and demand. Free trade practices are essential for the developing economies as it helps in production of commodities at a lower cost than the positive co untries and the revenue generated from the exports permits their economy to sire rapidly (SmallBiz Connect, 2013).The developed economy can have access to technical expertise and technology from the developed countries which help in improving their production process (SmallBiz Connect, 2013). ... Marketing decisions are deeply influenced by the ball-shaped ethnical flows between the countries. These heathenish flows are managed by the media organizations and use the latest technologies to shape the community and the consumers (Ardalan, 2009). However, cultural flow is not associated with a singular type of organization and has deep influence on all types of organizations. The culture influences the consumer purchasing behaviour deeply. Apart from values, languages, beliefs the purchasing behaviour is also influenced by the subculture, demographic characteristics, geographical locations, ethnic and national background. Marketing decisions like advertising and promotions have to b e in parallel with cultural values and beliefs of a particular region. The advertisements and the promotion have to be designed as per the cultural court of the consumers. As per a survey conducted by Stanford University, Welch grape juice can reduce the risk of centre of attention disease however the advertisement with the preventive messages appealed only to the Asian Americans and not to the Americans (Stanford Business, 2013). Thus it is essential for the food marketers to have a thorough cultural knowledge for product design, packaging and advertisements. In order to understand the market demand and supply the marketer needs to understand the market demographics to perform market segmentation. Market demographics hold the age, occupation, sex, marital status etc (Lamb, Hair& McDaniel, 2011). Through the market demographics the marketer can understand the needs and wants of various segments of population. The derived data is used to develop an exquisite product design (Lamb, Hair& McDaniel, 2011). Environmental, Social Responsibility,

Philosophy - God's Existence Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Philosophy - divinity fudges Existence - Essay good exampleIn either case, belief in the macrocosm/non-existence of god is the prime motivating force stooge the manner in which we choose to lead our lives.Arguments for the existence of immortal are generally categorized into the ontological, cosmogonic and teleological. Saint Anselm uses abstract reasoning as proof of divinitys existence. He conceives of God as a perfect being, a being than which nothing greater can be conceived (Anselm para1). This concept of God is understood even by the non-believer. Therefore, God exists in the understanding and cannot be conceived not to exist. Since the concept of God in understood and exists, God exists in reality.Saint Thomas Aquinas bases his argument on cosmology, which propounds that the existence of the world is contingent and must have a cause. Aquinas argues that motion, which is undisputed, predicates the existence of a mover. In this context, God is the First Mover put in moti on by no other (Aquinas 58). Likewise, it is undeniable that everything has a cause and God here is the First Efficient Cause (58). Everything that exists has a necessity caused by another. God emerges as a necessary being, having his own inherent necessity and causing all other necessities. The borrowing of comparative degrees of quality more and less, mandates the existence of something which is uttermost (59). This perfection is God. As all nature is knowing to function towards the achievement of a particular purpose, it follows that this purpose has been ordained by an intelligent being (60), that is, God. plan of attack to the teleological argument, William Paley uses the analogy of a watch to assert that something as complex as nature has been uniform and specifically human bodyed to serve a particular purpose. Therefore, even if we are unable to grasp the design and are aware of the defects, we cannot but acknowledge the contrivance which springs from the intelligence of the

Local Governance Modernisation and management Essay

Local Governance modernization and management - Essay ExampleIn March 2001 Government commission on LSPs (DETRc) was produced that clearly posit out the aims of an LSP as a way for improving the engagement and empowerment of local people at heart the local decision making process. This commitment was reinforced with the availability of funds to support this priority for those areas set as being deprived and in most need. This paper examines how favored this agenda has been by utilise a case study of Middlesbrough LSP to examine the implementation of these changes.The New Labour Government came to power in 1997 with a clear remit of modernizing state-supported services. nonpareil aspect of this agenda was the introduction of Local strategical Partnerships (LSPs). LSPs are defined as a single body that- bring downs unitedly at a local take aim the different parts of the public sector as well as the private, business, community and voluntary sectors so that different initia tives and services support each other and work togetherLSPs were introduced to bring together to bring the public, private, community and voluntary sectors at the local l... should be aligned with local authority boundaries (DETRc 4).LSPs were introduced to bring together to bring the public, private, community and voluntary sectors at the local level to make decisions about local priorities. They are expected to tackle important issues for local people and improve quality of life, particularly in deprived areas, by driving forwardsustainable growtheconomic, social and physical regenerationimprovement of public servicesengagement and active participation of local people in decision making(DETRc 4)One of the more difficult elements for LSPs has been to ensure that local communities are actively engaged in this process, The Government Guidance on LSPs states that local communities should play a vital role within LSPs, Effective engagement with communities will be essential to partners hips success (DETRc14). The survey of Local Strategic Partnerships (LSPs) published by the Office of the Deputy Prime government minister (ODPM) in 2003 (ODPMa 32) identified that satisfactory community engagement was the biggest issue facing LSPs. This included achieving a equilibrium between inclusivity and keeping numbers manageable ensuring adequate support mechanisms for voluntary and community sector members to modify them to make effective inputs engaging harder to reach groups and ensuring geographical communities were engaged. The research highlighted that one of the main benefits of having an LSP was seen as the successful input of community views within the planning process though developing effective working processes and systems were other main issue. BACKGROUNDThe Local Government Act 2000 placed a duty

DISCUSSION QUESTION RESPONSE Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 10

DISCUSSION QUESTION RESPONSE - Essay usageIt is true that in higher teaching method, high level of professionalism is expected. My personal though is that the quality of higher education determines the level of professional competence. This is because higher education is responsible in developing and nurturing professionalism in all aspects of the society.We oblige worked in the military together for some time and travelled to other countries. I noted the kindred concern with you that the standards of education in our country need to be improved so that the country drive out improve the standards of professional competence. For instance, professionalism in the military largely depends on the quality of learning and training receive from learning institutions and training camps. In your conclusion, you pointed a very important concern for the public. Americans really need to take in the strong correlation between professional competence and higher education. This way, they will be able to sanction the standards and integrity of education thereby improving the standards of professional competence in the

Professional Skills Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

maestro Skills - Assignment ExampleDevelopment of Knowledge and Skills and Change in Attitude At the very(prenominal) initiatory base of this pass I was a very diffident student and could not decide things properly. Interacting with people was a very difficult thing for me because I lacked confidence and I did not know how to interact with people. During this course I learned the ways in which I can be interactive during my dealings with my classmates and colleagues. I also learnt how I can work in a team and play my determination in the best possible way by utilizing all my inherent capabilities and also the knowledge and skills that I consecrate developed during respective(a) different courses in my academic career. I always had problems in identifying my role in a team or workgroup and because of this I was unable to play a productive role on an individual basis in a team or working in a group. The teacher helped me to identify my role in the team and also taught me how I can develop skills to work effectively as an individual. promptly I am in a position to work as an effective member of the team and also as a productive and interactive individual who can convey and present his ideas very well before a group of people and convince them. The course has brought revolutionary changes in my confabulation skills and I induct managed to overcome my stage fear while presenting or speaking before a group of people by adopting various strategies taught in the classroom. The knowledge of various explore methodologies has enabled me to classify my research tasks as primary and secondary and by doing so I save a lot of clock time which can be utilized in developing knowledge and skills. Time management is perhaps the nearly useful technique that I have learnt because now I carry out all my identifications and tasks fit to a defined schedule which I set up for myself at the start of every week. Realizing the magnificence of punctuality in time manageme nt and social interactions I have developed a uniform of coming in time in the classroom. A broader view of things has enabled me to judge what time is best for poring over and what time is best for practicing the studied knowledge. I have gained a lot of knowledge and developed various skills through producing this coursework and increase in awareness has produced a change in my attitude and my way of perceiving things. 2. Problems The first and foremost problem that I face in all of my assignments and also confront in this assignment was the language problem because English is not my first language and I face difficulty in proper phrasing of sentences because of weak grammar that is why I commit various grammatical and spelling mistakes during the assignment and I have to correct them. But while overcoming this problem and correcting my grammatical and spelling mistakes I have realized that my language is actually improving and is considerably better than past. The second probl em that I faced was my shortage of attendance because I missed some of the classes during the start of the term as a termination I had to study various basic concepts myself but still I could not take becharm on various lectures because of the knowledge I missed during the start

Commodity chain & a pair of Steve Madden shoe Assignment

Commodity chain & a pair of Steve Madden shoe - Assignment archetypeMars family and there exist varieties of other razzings goods such as the, dark coffee berry, ice cream, bars that comport almonds as well as bars made out of peanut butter.The ingredients that go into the production of Snickers betroth on milk chocolate that consists of sugar, cocoa butter, skim milk, lactose, milk fat, soy lecithin as well as drippy flavor. Other ingredients are salt, peanuts, soybean oil that has been moderately hydrogenated, egg whites, corn syrup, chocolate and synthetic flavors2. The Snicker bar is actually the bestselling chocolate of all time that is manufactured by the Mars group, which is situated in New Jersey in the United States, but the ingredients that go into the final product are sourced from divers(prenominal) places in the Americas. For instance, the paper that is used to wrap the bar after it has been manufactured is produced in Canada, sugar that goes into the Snickers d isallow comes from Brazil, peanut from Argentina, corn syrup from Iowa, chocolate cocoa from Guyana, vanilla from Mexico and milk from Wisconsin. All these ingredients are sourced and brought unitedly in the manufacturing stage to come up with the final product that is the Snickers Bar.Once all the ingredients that are unavoidable in the manufacturing process have been collected by the company, the processes of manufacturing the Snickers bar then begins. It is usually very old to find companies that produce chocolate buying the cocoa that is needed in the manufacture directly from the farmers, as they have to buy through the intermediaries or the sub-suppliers. The cocoa is fermented in a process that may take almost a week and after this process3, the beans are supposed to be dried as currently as possible to makes sure that it does not grow mould and also to give it the rich chocolate flavor.After the semi-sweet chocolate has been processed, it is mixed with butterscotch chips , peanut butter, milk, sugar, vanilla, marshmallow cream and butter. The mixture of these ingredients

HS610 Week 7 Conference Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

HS610 Week 7 Conference - Essay Examplexlvii). It simply means that risk assessment and management efforts entail take for granted a proactive stance to prepare through awareness, prevention, protection, response and recovery measures (Kamaien, 2005).In an article pen by Healy (2011), the possible futures of cyber conflict and cooperation reveal the extend and degree of vulnerabilities and threats of cyberwar thereby, recommendations admit been divulged to include cursorily patching vulnerable or infected computers, making it difficult for attacks to transit the core networks, and engaging in a dialogue with inter field partners to find areas of common concern and mutual action (p. 6). The efforts to engage in continuous dialogue prove that there is a need to monitor and regulate activities in the net profit to avoid damage to users.Finally, in a published report by the Homeland Security (2011) on Blueprint for a Secure Cyber Future, it was emphasized the cyberspace poses the mos t serious threat to national security therefore, in line with the vision of securing cyberspace more effectively, it was disclosed that regulatory agencies will have the tools and staff needed to ensure that regulated entities implement appropriate security measures (p. 5). As such, the efforts to regulate versatile activities and information in the Internet have been acknowledged to be eminent to make cyberspace finally secure.Healy, J. (2011, December). The Five Futures of Cyber Conflict and Cooperation. Retrieved July 13, 2012, from Atlantic Council

Electronic and Digital Media Industry Assignment

Electronic and Digital Media Industry - duty assignment ExampleOne of the historical and contemporary roles the media plays is it acts as a surveillance for the society. Media broadcasts and passes down information or so the happening s in the society including any threats hence making people make counterplans. In the past, media played a role of educating the public about ethics but the issue is not so pronounced in the contemporary times. The media in the brink of company competitions in this contemporary times acts as a marketing channel where companies advertise their products in the several(predicate) media forms hence making their consumers aware of the different products. They also participate in social awareness campaigns, political campaigns and other forms of campaigns aimed at teaching the society.Photography in the first place the 1960s was not electronic but gived chemicals and hence the quality of the image was questionable. The contemporary times however have led to photography becoming digital and the images clearer and hence lowering the cost of photography in general and even the cost of purchasing the cameras that are consumer friendly. Recording has also moved from use of gramophones and other cylinder devices to the crystalline CDs, cassette tapes and to now DVDs and iPods among others. Transmission of the radio waves has also evolved from the use of multiple conduct and relying on cable transmission that were RF-based to the current use of fiber optic cables.The mass media uses the transmission, photography and put down for purposes of marketing.

O2's branding and marketing strategy Dissertation

O2s branding and selling strategy - Dissertation Exampleeting 38 Achieving mark and Marketing Goals 39 Effectiveness of O2s Branding and Marketing Strategy 40 Effect of O2s Marketing and Branding Strategy on the Market 41 RECOMMENDATIONS 41 References 54 CHAPTER 1 gateway AND BACKGROUND Background of the Problem Aghapour, Manafi, Hojabri, Salehi, Saeidinia and Gheshmi (2011, p. 136) demonstrate that branding allows companies to promote their products and function in the market to action more sales. In this regard, branding has been described as one of the most effective methods of trade a companys products and services at bottom its market. It is through branding that businesses have been able to win the confidentiality and committal of their customers (Marketing Week, 2009, p. 1). O2 is the second leading nomadic operator within the telecommunication industry of the United Kingdom. O2 has concentrated in building brand loyalty within the UK mobile market. The company has r emained unique in its branding and marketing strategy. There argon many changes within the UK telecommunication industry which O2 must adapt to in its marketing communication so that it would remain in the top of the mobile business. O2 whose parent company is Telefonica has maintained lead in the UK mobile market through the use of loyalty deals (Marketing Week, 2009, p. 1). This is through alluring advertisements which are intentional to depict the companys brand as the most authentic and reliable within UKs telecommunication sector. Technological, political, economic, legal, environmental, social and cultural changes have played a role in influencing the direction of the mobile business in the UK. O2 Mobile is no exception in the effects of the changing market forces curiously for its branding and marketing strategy. According to Marketing Week (2009, p. 1), the marketing strategies used by O2 have authoritative criticisms and assertions that the company has maintained old fa shioned approaches of marketing its products. For example the company delayed in adopting 3G and 4G services like its business rivals because it considered them costly. Regardless of this, the company has been able to capture more than 24 million customers within the UK mobile market (Marketing Week, 2009, p. 1). This has led to annual turnover of more than 5 billion pounds from the companys operations in the UK. However Marketing Week (2007, p. 10) reports that the changes in information and telecommunication industry are likely to catch up with O2s branding and marketing strategies and make them less effective within the dynamic market. It is in this regard that the effectiveness of O2

Personal Training Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

own(prenominal) Training - Essay ExampleHere is the identity cardThe Biggest Losers Diet It is a 12-week program, containing menu that is loaded with fiber and protein, and so, one stays energized while lowering calorie white plague. Total calorie intake will be around 1,200. This is based on four servings of fruits and veggies three of lean protein two of exclusively grains and one serving of choice. This fodder suggests exercise (Zelman, 2003b), which is good for intense instruction. This plan decoctes on healthy eating habits, and thus, the results can prove to be long lasting. Since physical activity is involved in combination with wasting disease of fruits, veggies, and lean meat, this diet plan is very favorable for intense training.The Caveman (Paleo) Diet This is a very healthy diet plan. It is based on eating plants and wild animals (Zelman, 2013c). It has many benefits, like reducing fund pressure and cardiac diseases, while maintaining healthy body weight. This diet plan includes consumption of meat, fish, shellfish, eggs, tree nuts, vegetables, roots, fruits, and berries. No dairy, grains, sugar, and oil is involved. Drinks must include only water and organic drinks. Since this diet suggests eating like cavemen did out front agricultural revolution, there is increased chance of long lasting and natural results. It also suggests physical activity, so it can be recommended in intense training. There is no fixed number of days, so, it can be used randomly to maintain a healthy weight.Comparison A comparison of the three diet plans shows that the 3-day diet plan is the worse, since it is the lowest in nutritional value cannot be taken for intense training and, the weight comes back soon. The biggest loser diet is better since it suggests physical exercise, and offers a variety of food to be eaten. The caveman diet is the best since it is based on natural standards of eating habits and physical exercise, and does not focus only on burning cal ories. It also recommends

English Literature Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 1

English Literature - Essay Example check to Homer, Agamemnon takes Chrysies, daughter of chryses, who was the priest of Apollo. The Achaean commander Agamemnon threatens chryses for pleading with him to rescue his daughter exchange for a reward. Chryses surrenders to Apollo and begs him to be vengeful to Agamemnon. Apollo strikes back with a plague that killed men and animals on the land as a way of revenge Achilles relationship is excessively seen where he convinces Agamemnon to return Chryses daughter. Achilles is rewarded for returning chrysies daughter but Agamemnon decides to take away Achilles prize Briseis which makes Achilles angered and necessity to kill the king (Lawall and Mack). Athena a god stops Achilles before he kills the king. Achilles argument with Agamemnon provokes him not to fight for the Achaeans and sits back to watch his associate degree warriors being attacked by Hector the Trojan warrior. The relationship of Achilles and his swearing warriors is reflec tive when he sits back while his fellow warriors were killed at the battle field and his friend Patroclus is killed. challenge 2 Odyssey is a classic warrior who was mighty, brave, intelligent, materialistic, and courageous. According to homer, Odyssey reveals his courageous trait when he escapes from Polyphemus by stabbing him with a pole. Odyssey being a courageous man was a good influence to his fellow warriors. According to the Greek culture leaders who possessed Odysseys traits where highly honored for their good leader ship skills. Odyssey is also a cautious warrior in that he hesitates before taking any action that would endanger the lives of his fellow warriors. According to Homer, Odyssey in countless encounters he has saved the lives of his fellow warriors and also the his family. When he disguises himself to look like a beggar was cautious action for him to save his wife from the suitors and waited for right time to reveal him to the suitors. Odyssey was also cautious w hen he realized the intentions of the suitors to kill his son Telemachus (Lawall and Mack 77). Odyssey has also overcome many temptations in the federal agency where he overcomes the temptation of the lotus demonstrate. Odyssey and his fellow men after arriving at the Cyclop Island were tempted to eat the leaves of the lotus plant. The plant affects their minds and makes the warriors to forget their family and return journey home. Odyssey realizes the effect of the plant on the men he reverses the effect with apportion hence saving the life of his men. Odyssey also evades temptation of Calypso when she tries to hold him captive his will to return home to his family is heard by the gods who come to his rescue. Odysseys shows affinity to the Greek people, family, and his fellow warriors. His will to return home from Calypso Island to his wife and son shows he was loving and affection for his family. Odyssey also shows affinity to his fellow warriors by joining them in the war again st the enemies. His courageous, bravery and war tactics can be think to present day films such as Rambo where Sylvester Stallone is the hero. Question 3 The ancient Greeks had a religious land where they believed in beliefs, rituals and practices. According to Homer, the Greeks would make offerings to the gods to help them during the wars. In the epic story of Achilles, the Greeks offered sacrifices to the gods during the war with Trojan warriors. The Greece had had a ruling class Basileis where the rulers of Ancient Greece. These rulers had a variety of roles with the main one serving the people as kings and judges. In the epic

John Marshall Essay Example for Free

John Marsh solely EssayIts is emphatically, the province and duty of the judicial department, to say what the law is. (Ducat, Craig perfect Interpretation p. 10) These seventeen words written two hundred years ago made the highest homage in the United States supreme, and making it so, Chief nicety John Marshalls words in that sentence continue to make an impact on every ultimate Court fiber thereafter. Justice Marshall laid the basic foundations to protect the Federal system that was ceremonious by the genius. In Marbury v. Madison, McCulloch v. Maryland, and Gibbons v. Ogden the Supreme Court maintained the United States as a federal state.Marbury v Madison was the influential case that the Supreme Court cites as a precedent when employing judicial review. It left the former to be be on the judicial branch when determining to uphold either the law or the Constitution. By establishing the remediate to judicial review, Marshall, with the support of the legislative and e xecutive branches, made all cases before the courts subservient to the U.S. Constitution. Cases that have been hear after Marbury v. Madison, that come into question, must be interpreted through the Constitution.Uniformity of all states of the heart and soul were established when Marshall and the Supreme Court ruled in McCulloch v. Maryland. Although the Constitution gave powers to the states under the Tenth Amendment, Marshall utilize the powers of the Federal g overnment by exercising Article 1 Section 8 Clause 18 (necessary and proper clause) and Article 6 Section 2 (supremacy clause). Marshall explained that the Constitution gave the federal government the power to incorporate a bank if it deemed it necessary and proper not for the powers of Congress, but necessary and proper for the powers allow to Congress by the Constitution. Marshall also outlined the rights of the states by enacting Article 6 in his decision. He stated that the supremacy clause prohibited the states from having the power to tax, which would then involve the states power to destroy the powers of the Constitution to create.Gibbons v. Ogden expanded the powers of the Federal government aforementioned in the previous two influential cases. This case specify the Commerce Clause found in Article 1 Section 8 Clause 3. In his genius, Marshall defined commerce not only as an exchange of commodities, but also the intend by which interstate and foreign intercourse those commodities travel. By giving the Federal government control over commerce through interpretation of the Constitution, Marshall preserved the prosperity of the country as an economic Union conducting business under national, not state, control.Chief Justice John Marshalls decisions in all three of the cases explained previously depict the evolution of the Supreme Court. Marbury v. Madison obscure the powers of the three branches of governments, McCulloch v. Maryland separated and defined the powers of the Federal and state governments, and Gibbons V. Ogden separated the commerce powers of the Federal and state governments. Marshall decided to each one case based on the foundations established by the U.S. Constitution, and in each of his decisions, he preserved the ace of the Framers intentions of the United States as a Federal state.

Central Banks and Monetary Policy Essay Example for Free

Central Banks and Monetary Policy EssayIn order to fully comprehend the nature of fiscal insurance, there is a need to define the function of bills. According to economists, the general functions of capital are as follows 1) measure of goods and services, 2) standard of value, 3) middling of exchange, 4) storage of wealth, and 5) speculative function (related to contingency). In a very simple economy, efficiency can be achieved through general exchanges of goods and services. Every family unit or community specializes in the production of one commodity.Goods are exchanged through what economists call barter system. As the community grows, transactions within the simple economy become more and more complicated. There is a need to utilize a new medium of exchange. Money, whatever its earliest forms were, serves as the new medium of exchange, reducing bulkiness and inefficiency in the economy.At some point in time, the quantity of money move in this economy enlarges. This l eads to rising wrong levels of goods and services. As the quantity of money circulating in an economy increases, price levels of goods and services also increase ( ostentation). The institution tasked to exert the monetary health of an economy is the rudimentary bank. The main functions of central banks are as follows1) To work price levels in an economy by change magnitude or decreasing the picture of money circulating in an economy2) To provide a tame amount of credit in an economy (serves as a stimulus to increased investments)3) To regulate or control exchange place (in countries where currencies are on a non-floating status)4) To determine equilibrium interest order (here monetary policy is directly related to fiscal policy, or more accurately interest rates nominally determine consumption levels, supply of money, and investment levels)5) To provide financial/monetary information to businesses and households (central banks survey on the general status/health of an eco nomy).The main function of central bank can be summed up as follows if the general price levels in an economy increases, central banks decreases money supply if the price levels decreases, central banks increases the supply of money (secondary money markets). Interest rates are also adjusted ground on investment, consumption, and government expenditure patterns.When central banks sells bonds and securities, the monetary composition of an economy contracts. When central banks buy bonds and securities (in with child(p) markets), the monetary base of an economy expands. Through this process of adjustment/readjustment, central banks are able to regulate financial transactions in an economy.In recent years, the US economy experiences relative decrease in overall national output. Fiscal policies are directed to decrease equilibrium interest rate to move on increased consumption, investment, and government expenditure (increasing output in the long-run). As of the present, the Federal Reserve monetary policy is directed to 1) increasing the supply of money in the US economy(Federal Funds Rate), and 2) increasing the settle of credit (provide households and businesses with increased volatile funds).According to the recent Federal Reserve Report, there are indications that the US economy continues to contract. Household spending has shown signs of stabilization but gravely constrained by job losses, pooh-pooh housing wealth, and tight credit. Overall sales and demand for manufactures continue to decline.There are also signs that inflation could persist for a time. To counter these economic difficulties, the Committee of the Federal Reserve give maintain the behind range for the fed funds rate at 0 to 25%. To increase the money supply in the US economy (to prevent contraction), the Federal Reserve will buy a sum up of $1.25 trillion of agency-backed securities. At autumn, the Federal Reserve will purchase about $300 billion of treasury securities as a form of credit collateral. Note that the Federal Reserve is increasing the monetary base of the US economy by purchasing securities and treasuries.What are the general effects of monetary policy on production and employment? Suppose that the economy is in the process of contraction (not to be confused with the monetary base). The central bank has two complimentary options decreasing the nominal interest rate and increasing the money supply. An increase in both the interest rate and the money supply would increase aggregate demand. This will shift the aggregate demand to the right, indicating a higher national output.On the supply side, this will bring on firms to decrease their supply of goods to the market indicating a leftward shift of the aggregate supply. Depending on the strength of income and substitution effect, the increase in national output via the aggregate demand may be higher or level than the decrease in output via the supply side. In short, a monetary policy only serves to maintain the stability of an economy.

Luxury Brands Insights Essay Example for Free

opulence Brands Insights Es ordinateOver years, Indias tryst with prodigality markings has changed gears. With laid-back disposable incomes and a penchant for all things munificentness amongst affluent Indians on the rise, the country is appear as the next stopover for global luxuriousness chumps much(prenominal) as Gucci, Christian Dior and Versace. However, we essential achieve that luxuriousness commercializeing is a whole raw(a) ball-game altogether, some(prenominal) from the perspective of the marketer as closely as the lavishness consumer. It thitherfore becomes important to view it both in relation and isolation from the repair goods marketing. To achieve the above objective, we would inaugural face up at how opulence goods atomic number 18 different from regular goods and accordingly go on to explore some facets and trends of the luxuriousness goods as easy(p) as their market and consumers. This digest would finally sum up into a SWOT analysis of the highlife goods segment, thereby functioning in obtaining a birds eye view of the exercise at hand. Considering that the opulence concept has shifted to the new implication, we would further delve into that aspect to understand the drivers for extravagance brands presently, as well in the time to come.This is followed by a prodigality potential determi race of the Indian market both in terms of quantifiable addition factors as well as qualitative initiatives. INDEX Abstract5 Objectives Sub Objectives6 Research Design6 Getting To hunch forward high life8 Difference Between Regular Luxury Goods10 Luxury In India14 Qualitative Insights15 Quantitative Insights16 The Affluent Indian Profiling The Indian Luxury Consumers17 Classification Of The Indian Luxury Consumer21 4p Trends24 Consumer Trends29 Strategies For Luxury Marketing In India57 mournful Forward66 References69 Annexure70.Why do I need to k at one time how the watch market is doing? Im in the business of lav ishness Partick Heiniger, CEO, Rolex GETTING TO KNOW LUXURY Luxury brands father often been associated with the core competences of creativity, exclusivity, craftsmanship, precision, high quality, insertion and premium pricing. These produce attributes give the consumers the satisfaction of non only owning expensive items but the extra-added psychological benefits equivalent esteem, prestigiousness and a sense of a high status that reminds them and former(a)s that they belong to an exclusive sort of only a select few, who can afford these impairmenty items.The extravagance sector targets its products and goods at consumers on the top-end of the wealth spectrum. These self-selected elite are much(prenominal) or less scathe insensitive and aim to spend their time and notes on objects that are plainly opulence sooner than necessities. For these reasons, sumptuosity and prestige brands extradite for centuries commanded an unwavering and often illogical invitee loyalty . Luxury, derived from the Latin word luxus, means indulgence of the senses, regardless of cost. Luxury brands are brands whose ratio of functional gain to price is low while that of intangible utility to price is high.Such brands voice characteristics standardised consistent premium quality, a heritage of craftsmanship, a recognisable genius or spirit, a limited production run of any item to ensure exclusivity, an grammatical constituent of uniqueness and an ability to keep coming up with new designs when the category is make-intensive. THE market for luxury brands in our country has expanded in new-made times. With income levels going up, customers prepared to buy such brands are increase in numbers. According to an NCAER Household Income Survey, in 2001-02, there were 20,000 families in India with annual incomesof more(prenominal) than Rs 1 crore. By 2005, that number increased to al or so 53,000. By 2010, India testament devour some 1, 40,000 crorepatis. Retail mana gement society KSA Technopak estimates the market for luxury and high-end clothing in India at Rs 1,000 crore and for accessories at another Rs 1,000 crore. CHARACTERISTICS OF THE LUXURY manufacture 1. Luxury is a product category in itself This can be best explained by the fact that both an expensive watch and an ar twainrk can be considered to be luxury items.Therefore, all luxury marketers are not practiced competing in their technical foully defined product categories (like manufacturers of refrigerators compete amongst themselves) but for the wallet share of luxury goods in total. 2. The meaning of luxury had changed Luxury has moved from its old meaning of ownership that is like wise(p) known as conspicuous consumption Conspicuous consumption is a term used to take out the lavish spending on goods and services that are acquired mainly for the purpose of unwraping income or wealth rather than to satisfy a real need of the consumer.In the mind of a conspicuous consumer, s uch display serves as a means of attaining or maintaining social status. Invidious consumption, a necessary corollary, is the term apply to consumption of goods and services for the deliberate purpose of inspiring envy in others has now changed its objects to the new meaning of the experience / fulfilment derived from possessing a legitimate object. 3. Aura is more important than exclusivity Exclusivity is something that cannot be ensured to a vast extent and neither is it the prime requirement of a luxury consumer.The consumer bases his decisions on the relevance of the aura of the brand to his fulfilment or actualization needfully. 4. Trading up A mass of wealthy people digest emerged the demesne over, give rise to a large section of consumers who are now moving to luxury / premium brands, thereby creating greater business opportunity for luxury marketers. 5. Trading down Today, fashion brands are giving luxury brands rivalry because of marketing mix and branding strategies , which make it acceptable to pair these two brands. This is something that was not practiced before. eg. Wearing an Armani shirt with a pair of GAP jeans 6. Emergence of luxury brands.ocean of luxury brands have emerged giving a wide choice to consumers, in all segments of luxury goods. 7. Factors at play In luxury marketing there is a subtle interplay between three factors that most absolutely influence the luxury consumer to buy product brand dealer or stores brand or service providers reputation and price/value relationship 8. Customer loyalty is more important that brand awareness Rather than focus on measuring the brand awareness of a luxury company, measuring customer loyalty is far more hearty a metric regarding the mastery or failure of corporate strategy to connect with the luxury consumer.CONSUMER PERSPECTIVES TOWARDS LUXURY Consumers can be separate in 3 groups according to what luxury means to them Luxury is Functional these consumers tend to buy luxury products f or their superior functionality and quality. Consumers in this segment, the largest of the three, tend to be older and wealthier and are pull up stakesing to spend more money to buy things that will last and have enduring value. They buy a wide array of luxury goods, from artwork to vacations, and conduct extensive pre-purchase research, making logical decisions rather than emotional or impulsive.Messages that highlight product quality and are information-intensive are powerful with this group. Luxury is Reward these consumers tend to be younger than the first group but older than the third. They use luxury goods as a status symbol to say Ive made it They are motivated by their desire to be triumphful and demonstrate this to others. Luxury brands that have widespread recognition are popular, however they dont wish to appear lavish or hedonistic in their appearance. They want to purchase smart luxury that demonstrates importance while not leaving them open to criticism.Marketing messages that communicate acceptable exclusivity resonate with this group. Luxury is Indulgence this group is the smallest of the three and tends to include younger consumers and slightly more males than the other two groups. Their purpose for luxury goods is to lavish themselves in self-indulgence. They are willing to pay a premium for goods that express their individuality and make others take signalize and are not overly concerned with product longevity or possible criticism. They enjoy luxury for the way it makes them feel therefore they have a more emotional approach to purchases.They respond well to messages that highlight the unique and emotional qualities of a product. DIFFERENCE BETWEEN REGULAR LUXURY GOODS Luxury has neer been something easy to define, yet this mystery concept is something highly desired by one and all alike. We look at delving deeper into this mystery and aura of luxury goods by way of comparing them over against regular goods as well as highlighting the characteristics of the luxury perseverance. Strategies for Luxury Marketing in India There are conventional bringations for ensuring success of a brand and they are listed below in brief 1.The brand must be distinguished Which means it should be full of innovation opportunities for the marketer and in terms of satisfying the divergent needs of the luxury consumer 2. The brand must tell a story It is this story, of either heritage or surgical procedure or other aspects that goes on to build the aura of a brand over time. The story constantly accentuates the identity of the brand. 3. The brand must be relevant to the consumers needs Depending upon the mindset of the luxury class, it is imperative for a brand to satisfy those needs, whether they are for recognition or functional use etc.4. The brand must align with consumers values A brand that does not concur with the basic values of a consumers society has a small chance of succeeding because luxury items are forms of expre ssion or appellation for a luxury consumer. This makes it difficult for the consumer to adopt the brand in such cases. 5. The brand must come Irrespective of which category the brand belongs to, a performance assurance is a must for the brand if it wishes to be in the evoked set of luxury consumers, considering the price being paid for luxury. INDUSTRY OVERVIEW.In the past, brands like Liz Claiborne and Pierre Cardin tested Indian waters but made a hasty retreat succeeding(a) poor customer response. This led to a general perception that India is even not ready for luxury brands. But now that impression is changing. Many leading global luxury brand marketers have started victorious our market seriously. Luxury goods marketing is a different ball game as the type of customers snarly fall in a different class altogether. These customers are influenced more by glamour and style and want to stand out in a crowd.They do not bat an eyelid whey they buy a Vuitton bag cost Rs 50,000 or a Mont Blanc diamond-encrusted pen for Rs 50 lakh, Ermenegildo Zegnas top-of the-line, custom-tailored suit costing Rs 6 lakh or a mid-range Louis Vuitton briefcase priced Rs 1. 27 lakh. As these figures suggest, luxury brands are prestige products characterised by high-involvement decision-making that is strongly related to the persons self-concept. Sensory gratification and social approval are the primary factors in selecting a prestige product.Cutting prices or giving discounts can be detrimental in case of luxury brands. A higher price implies a higher level of quality and withal suggests a certain degree of prestige. Similarly, distribution should be restricted. Status-sensitive consumers may reject a particular product if the feeling of exclusivity goes away. Managing luxury brands is as much an art as a science. The challenge is to create a motive for something which is not really needed. afterward all, it looks crazy to spend Rs 50,000 on a handbag or Rs1,27,000 on a br iefcase. Creativity plays a key role in creating such a premium image.Many luxury brands achieve legitimacy and fashion authority as a result of the creative talent of their design teams who respect the brand heritage and yet continuously reinvent it. MARKET SIZE AND INDUSTRY harvest-home RATE With the European and American markets reaching a saturation point, leading players are now concentrating on the BRIC countries and the action is expected to shift to India, being the fastest growing luxury market, growing at 25%. , and is expected to maintain these rates for the next 10 years. The Indian Luxury Market is estimated to be to be USD 4. 35 billion and this forms only 2% of the global share.The growth of luxury markets is on the basis of gross internal product per-capita growth and the High Networth Individuals (HNIs) in a country. India will be the second largest economy by 2040. Factors like Consumer Attitudes, Real Estate, Regulatory Environment and Ecosystem are important fo r the growth of luxury market and these are upward(a) in the country. India has 83,000 jillionaires and e actually year 16,000 more are getting added to this. The main trigger behind Indians lunacy in luxury is to flaunt status, and the consumers here are becoming aware of leading global brands in the space, but tend to be extremely value conscious.There is a sizeable population benignant in outbound travel and getting exposure to global luxury market. The Indian consumer wants not just to be pampered, but entertained, excited and Inspired by Luxury brands and hence global players will have to look at advance(a) methods of reaching and engaging customers to succeed in the Indian market. With India emerging as one of the important players in the Luxury Space, the rich and famous across the globe are kindle in exploring Indian Luxury products. Also, because of the availability of high disposable income Indians have developed an appetite to start a lavish lifestyle.India is bein g looked upon by the entire world as an emerging market and a potential Global hub. Hence, considering the potential of the Country many big brands from across the Globe either have set up their base here or are planning to do the same. GDP component part The Gross Domestic intersection or GDP is the indicator of the performance of an economy. According to the estimates of 2008, Indias GDP is $1. 209 one thousand thousand and this is slated to make improvement in the coming times. It is estimated that Indias GDP will grow by 6. 5% in the year 2009.In 2008 the countrys GDP was 9% the slowdown that has been witnessed this year in the estimates is largely ascribable to the slowdown witnessed by the agriculture and the industrial sectors. A look at the India GDP composition sector wise throws up some interesting figures. The agriculture sector contributed 17. 2% industry contributed 29. 1% while the service sector had a contribution of 52. 7% according to 2008 estimates. FDI LIMITS A N INTERESTING FACT What is the size of US Luxury Market? A) A third of Indias GDP B) Half of Indias GDP C) Equal to Indias GDP D) More than double Indias GDP ANS D) More than double Indias GDP. firearm India will certainly not match the US, Japan or China in terms of its domestic market size for luxury goods and services for decades to come, its influence on global luxury business will steadily increase in the coming years. The reasons are many and mostly historical. Unlike Japan or China, India has a history and a tradition of luxury for millennia. It has an influence on textiles and handwork on them, on gems and their setting in jewellery, in food (including ingredients and spices), on natural skin and body care, on fragrances and cosmetics, and so far furniture, furnishings, and objects dart.For centuries, Indias nobility and the wealthy have been used to commission and patron works of luxury and extraordinary human skill. LUXURY MARKET SECTORS SECTORS KEY PLAYERS MARKET SHARE % Jewellery 27 robes 16 Digital Accessories 13 Time Wear 8 Cosmetics Skin Care 8 root word Ware 6 Wine Liquor 6 Accessories 6 Fragrances 4 Crystal Wear 2 opposites 4 The Key Player synopsis The following table summarizes the marketing mix adopted by the 4 leading luxury brands.In order to arrive at successful strategies to market luxury in India, it is pertinent to look at the marketing strategies instituted by the existing luxury players in India. Product Price Place Promotion Valentino leads a limited assortment due to the nascent demand of gowns in India. This is attributed to Indian womens preference of sarees over gowns. Because of this trend, Valentino has launched saree inspired gowns in their latest show. Valentino has also include a few sarees (worn by Elizabeth Hurley) in its trademark red in their collection. Valentino claims to charge prices same as their western counterparts. Opened its first store in August 06 at Delhis Shangri La hotel. it is prese ntly looking for space to open a standalone store each in bangalore, Mumbai surprisingly, Ludhiana. Has no plans of opening a store in a luxury mall due to a fear of dilution of identity. The brand owns many stores in China. The brand has little promotional presence. In the west it relies on red carpet events fashion shows to promote its gowns. However due to neglect of such events in India, it uses little print in the public eye(predicate)izings from abroad in India.They predominantly feature Hollywood actresses models. Product Price Place Promotion The brand offers a smaller assortment of their products in west in India. This is attributed to the cultural difference the differences fashion trends. The brand claims to price their products equitably in India when compared to their western counterparts. However, it does admit to the greater taxes. Launched operations in India in 2005. has only one dress shop in India as opposed to 8 boutiques in China. The brands only bo utique in India is located at The Imperial Hotel in Delhi. Has no.promotional campaigns targeted exclusively at Indian market. Nicole Kidman, the brands leading endorser, recently shot an advertisement with Indian model/actor Arjun Rampal in Rajasthan. However, the advertisement will not be aired in India as Chanel only promotes in print media in India. Came into headlines for dressing up actress Sonam Kapoor for a film premier. Product Price Place Promotion Made headlines with their intention to design sarees. However, the brand has shown no signs of actually producing them. Offers limited amount of their product offerings due to limited demand in Indian market.However, is planning to expand their offering in future. The brand admits to charging a higher price due to the tax structure high infrastructure be. Launched operations in India in 2007 with boutiques in Mumbai and Delhi. Murjani conclave is the master franchisee of this brand in India. The brands store in Delhi is l ocated at The Oberois Hotel. the brand has currently shelved the plans of opening four more stores including one in the Emporio middle. The brand owns close to 27 stores in almost all leading cities of China. The brand relies heavily on print advertisements.However, it regrets its recent decision of promotions through newspaper advertisements as it harmed the brands exclusive luxe image. Has no specialised advertisements promotional material for Indian customers. Product Price Place Promotion Armani offers all of their latest collection in their Indian stores. The brand recently made headlines in Indian newspapers for including Sherwanis in the 2009 fall-winter collection. The sherwanis are now sold globally in all their stores. The brand has registered a tremendous growth by sell above 200 items a month and registering a growth of above 50 percent annually. Armani claims to price their products same as abroad refuses to comment further. Armani has recently entered the Indi an market with a joint take chances with DLF. The store currently operates through two exclusive stores in Delhis first Luxury Mall DLF Emporio. The is currently in plans of opening four more standalone stores in Delhi and Mumbai. It owns 15 stores in China. Armani, unlike in west, only relies on print media (in magazines) to promote their products. The brand features its international promotional material in India as well.However, in its latest ad campaign, it featured a model of Indian descent (Vasuki) DETAILED compend OF THE MACRO-ENVIRONMENT Political Trends One positive factor for any company entering India is the political stability of the nation as well as democratic style of leadership. Government apart from tariffs has taken a indifferent stance towards the luxury stalwarts, FDI and tariffs as only concern which will be strengths in coming future. The slaying of the Free Trade Area, which laid out a comprehensive program of regional tariff reduction, will be continuousl y implemented in phases through the year 2010.Over the course of the next some(prenominal) years, the programs in tariff reductions will be made broader. Efforts to eliminate non-tariff barriers and develop common product certificate standards were initiated. In addition, ASEAN also was able to formulate material agreements for the intra-regional liberalization of trade in services. Economic Trends patronage the adverse economic trends in the last year, the luxury goods industry as a whole experience relatively robust economic growth.Many countries have also seen the risk-weighted capital adequacy ratios of their banking systems improve due to administration-sponsored bank recapitalization programs, bear upond progress in financial restructuring, and improvements in financial risk management. Overall Indian economic trend is a silver lining for companies as India is increasingly becoming the hotbed for one million millionaires and billionaires the new found riches is growing and will continue to be so, hence economic trend which was a challenge will grow as a big advantage. Social / Cultural Trends.There have also been social and cultural trends that have been evident over the last few years in the luxury goods industry. These include (a) The irreversible rise of civil society (b) The rise of civil society and urbanisation blends dead with dreams that luxury brands sell (c) The increase in the roles of intellectuals and social awareness. (d) Indians are a peculiar breed, victims of centuries-old socio-economic oppression. Where each of us is pinned on the social matrix is revealed by our last name or even a cast twist in accent.Money or the display of it can rarely manage to unsettle the hierarchy. sensory faculty or rather subtle awareness is something which luxury marketers are happy about and aiming at. With more and more urbanisation and globalisation the need to be in parity with the world will fuel the demands for more upmarket and more luxuri ous lifestyle. Technological Trends It is a common knowledge that the luxury goods industry is still a relatively new industry in the country and is still in its early stages of development.engineering being a important factor still comes as second at times in versatile luxury categories, though make no mistakes that that second is still way above what a mid level brand can aim at. India being hub of technological development still does not provide luxury brands enough lucrative options as tech advancement are not synchronised and homogeneous, hence it is a dark spot but might be a very large area in future. Legal Trends.Intellectual property (IP) and IP Rights (IPR) creation, commercialization, and protection have been a significant source of comparative advantage of enterprises and economies and a major driver of their competitive strategies. Indeed, countries all over the world are fully aware of the pressing need for a long-term policy commitment to conjointly transform the l uxury goods industry into one which is largely based on knowledge, driven by innovation and sustained by life-long learning.Countries all over the world have pledged to work together to help accelerate the pace and scope of IP asset creation, commercialization and protection to improve the regional framework of policies and institutions relating to IP and IPRs, including the development and harmonization of enabling IPR registration systems to promote IP cooperation and dialogues in spite of appearance the region as well with the regions Dialogue Partners and organizations to strengthen IP-related human and institutional capabilities, including fostering greater public awareness of issues and implications, relating to IP and IPRs.INDIA and IPR are a big problem, just not having the stringent and encompassing laws is not the only issue, and problem also arises due to weak enforcement of laws. Cheap imitation and intellectual property misdemeanour is a common occurrence in the natio n. Luxury Goods Industry SWOT Analysis Strengths Has products that boast of a very powerful sell. This includes a reputation for value of money, convenience and a wide variety of products Has heavy(p) significantly over the years, and has experienced global expansion. Main competence lies on the use of information technology (IT) to fully support its international logistics system.Therefore, companies in this industry can see how their individual products perform within the United States for instance, or even at stores at a glance. Is able to deliver good customer care, as the limited amount of work would mean plenty of time to devote to customers. Products have open a strong reputation within the market. Offers little deficits and overheads. Therefore the companies in this industry can offer good value to customers on a consistent basis. Weaknesses Is one of the worlds largest industries but has a weak find out of its empire, despite its IT advantages.This could lead to a decr ease in productivity in some areas where it has the least control. Since companies in this industry sell products across many sectors, they may lack the flexibility that some of its more center competitors possess. Operates globally, but its presence is located in only relatively few countries worldwide. Some luxury goods lack market presence or reputation The companys cash flow is unreliable curiously in the early stages of a new luxury product development. Over flooding doesnt egress a luxury brand a real luxury brand. OpportunitiesTaking over, merging, or forming strategic alliances with other luxury good companies while focusing on strong markets like Europe or the great China Region and India. Luxury good companies operate only on trade in a relatively small number of countries all over the world. Thus, this would open the opportunities for future businesses in expanding various consumer markets, such as those in China and India. The opening of new locations and branches of fer luxury good companies the opportunities to exploit market development. This could lead to the diversification of the companys branches from large super centres to local-based sites.Opportunities exist for luxury good companies to continue with their current strategy of granting large branches worldwide. The industry is continuously expanding, with plenty of future opportunities to exploit for success. AS FOR INDIA IT IS THE INDUSTRY OF FUTURE maybe 10 more years. scourges Being number one means that the luxury goods industry is the target of disputation, the industry to beat, both locally and globally. Being a global retailer means that luxury goods companies might be exposed to political problems in the countries where the company has operations.The production costs of most luxury products have the tendency to fall because of lower manufacturing costs. Manufacturing costs fall because of outsourcing to low-cost regions around the globe. This phenomenon could lead to competit ion in prices, which in turn would result in the deflation of prices in various ranges. Intense price competition must definitely be considered a threat. Indian mentality of the masses. REPUTATION, if it goes down company goes down. Detailed Analysis of the Industry Environment The assessment of the industry attractiveness is performed using the Porters Five Forces Model.A. Threat of refreshful Entrants New entrants in the luxury goods industry will have to deal with high costs of entry for their latest technologies. Most major competitors in this industry have yet to establish strong distribution channels. This will severely hamper their plans to retaliate with their technological developments as without distribution channels, their products would never be seriously considered in the market by customers. These companies must worry though about certain government laws in some countries that might weaken their competitive position (2002). B. Bargaining Power of Suppliers.Suppliers o f luxury goods have relatively lower bargaining power because their products have yet to establish consistency in the market. This is in contrary to ordinary brands where these products have been able to secure the confidence of its customers worldwide. C. Bargaining Power of Buyers A legal age of consumers in the luxury goods industry are professionals who rely on mobile and expensive gadgets and expect broadloom services every time they use them. For instance, a customer phones in a service take from the New York airport while boarding a plane bound to Paris the same day.The technical people in New York will immediately work on the service ticket of the client. And when that client arrives in Paris, he / she would be able to call the New York service centre and pick up exactly where he / she left off (1999). The bargaining power of buyers in the luxury goods industry is relatively high because there are only few, large players in the industry. D. Threat of Substitutes There are very little threats that could emerge from possible substitutes. This is because product-for-product substitution could not possibly happen especially with luxury goods.Other products cannot simply replace the ingenuity of the established luxury products in the market. Also, the millions of users of these luxury products surely would find it besides uncomfortable using other products other than their luxury products CASE STUDY THE MURJANI GROUP OVERVIEW Murjani Group develops, launches, and builds various designer lifestyle brands. It operates in the United States, India, and internationally. Murjani Group was founded in 1930 and is based in New York, New York. They partner with international luxury brands and retail them in India. KEY EXECUTIVES Managing Director Mr. Vijay Murjani.Chief Operating police officer Mr. Pradeep Mansukhani Business drift of French Connection Mr. Dhiresh Sharma Marketing Head of Luxury Division Mr. Vikram Raizada Business Head of Gucci Ms. Ananda Kara JOURNEY 1930 Mr B. K. Murjani found the group in Shanghai, CHINA with its first retail store 1950 After the world war Murjani commenced operations in Hong kong with a trading company. 1952 Murjani sets up Hong Kongs first set manufacturing factory. 1958 With 6 years, Murjani grew to one of the largest apparel producers in the world, with a production capacity in excess of 10 million units per annum.1966 The current Chairman, Mohan Murjani, joins the group. 1966 The Group commenced its transition from manufacturing to designer lifestyle brand development and marketing, by establish its first brand in the USA, Marco Polo 1976 Murjani launches the First Designer jean 1980 Murjani sponsors the US Open 1985 Murjani launched Tommy Hilfiger,in 1985. Here again Murjani group re-enforced their panache with ground breaking and ingenious marketing, to ensure that Tommy Hilfiger, would almost immediately, positioned amongst the top designers in the world.The innovative brand marketing and m anagement techniques adopted by Murjani Group over the years, have changed the very prototype of marketing, merchandising and retailing, as we know it today. 1986 Murjani launches Coca-Cola clothes Why India With a luxury boom in India, there are over one million luxury consumers, which is only a fraction of eight million plus consumers who have the disposable incomes but are unfamiliar with the luxury segment. The growth rate is 14. 6 per cent. Target audience is 22-55 year olds.Indias luxury goods market of Rs 717 billion is set to expand with a new firm to facilitate process by bringing together buyers and manufacturers. Indias total retail market has been estimated at $160 billion or Rs 7,170 billion, covering eight million consumers. Of them, one million are considered to be in the luxury brands segment 2000 NAMASTE INDIA The Murjani Group for many years, was very keen to establish a presence in the Indian market, but had to wait for the right time. In 2000 with the rapid grow th in the consuming class, Murjani was amongs.

The two pairs of lovers in Much Ado about Nothing Essay Example for Free

The two pairs of lovers in more Ado about Nothing Essay untold Ado About Nothing, written in 1598 and set in Messina (Sicily) is one of Shakespe bes comedies which addresses some very sincere social and cultural issues inherent in renascence (Elizabethan) society. The play focuses on the relationships and attitudes to trade union of two couples the age Beatrice and benedict and the much younger star and Claudio.The couples be of noble rank. Benedick and Claudio argon br separate officers and noblemen, Lords of Padua and Florence respectively. Benedick is a mature and experienced man in his thirties whilst Claudio is bargonly out of his teenage years. superstar is the young and innocent daughter of Leonato the Governor of Messina, in whose villa the play is set, whilst Beatrice, his ward and niece is much older. Both couples are in search of love, for gunslinger and Claudio Shakespeare submits this very explicit whilst that of Beatrice and Benedick is rather more implic it.Firstly, the relationship betwixt Claudio and Hero, both young, nave and impression qualified individuals. Claudio is so infatuated with Hero at first sight that he immediately falls in love and wants to marry her. only he is shy and unsure of his birth desires, he constantly seeks praise and reassurance from others and trusts Don Pedro to act as a kind of go between to help him secure Heros love. Hero a beautiful and demure young heroine is portrayed as a faithful and dutiful daughter obedient to her fathers wishes and lacking in indep completionence indeed she is on the receiving end of Claudios romantic speeches during Act 1 and says absolutely nothing in return. Claudio speaks convincingly of his love in verse.Their attitudes to marriage are somewhat different. For Claudio marriage is a financial matter as wealthy young women came with considerable dowries thus enabling a gentleman to provide a suitable lifestyle for his future family. A man was required to marry a woman of equal social standing. As Hero was the and child of Leonato, Claudio was also desirous of an additional sum by way of an added inheritance. Hero like near young noblewomen at that time was eager to please and simply wanted to secure a conserve of equal or better social standing than themselves. Claudio organism a Lord of Florence fitted the bill perfectly, beingness handsome and dashing was just a bonus. A womans job was primarily to run the household and form male heirs to inherit their husbands title and fortune.As a conventional and dutiful daughter she was prepared to accept her fathers choice of partner. Here Shakespeare is alluding to the stereotypical young noble woman of the time when arranged marriages were accepted as the norm in upper class society. This scenario would appeal to contemporary interviews composed largely of working muckle who had paid a small sum to be entertained each afternoon. They would ca-ca enjoyed watching such upper class antics as a kin d of the escapism from their rather dull and dreary lives. so traditional love stories such as this had proved popular with audiences before in plays such as Romeo and Juliet. A modern audience maybe frustrated by Heros actions because today the sanctity of marriage is not as well respected and most people embrace the notion of sexual equality.Despite their patent naivety, both Hero and Claudio have more complex sides to their characters which are reflected in their actions during the play. Claudio shows extreme jealousy when inform of Heros treachary in Act four. He is vengeful, jealous and impetuous as he immediately rejects Hero, refusing to marry her without take down discussing the matter and calling her a rotten orange. Hero does nothing to defend herself when accused of this infidelity and accepts the hate of others including her own father Leonato who rejects her immediately without question. Such actions illustrate the double standard regarding sexual relationships tha t existed in Renaissance times. Women were expected to maintain their purity and enter marriage as virgins, not to be so was regarded as a cardinal sin and would gravel utter dis knock down not only to herself but to her ideal family who ran the risk of being permanently outcast from upper class society.This illustrates how vulnerable women in Renaissance times were to accusations of bad treatment. Claudio had to shun Hero in order to maintain his honour as an officer and a gentleman, being engaged to a loose woman would bring nothing but shame. Confidence is shown in Act four when Claudio exitingly agrees to participate in a plot to bring Beatrice and Benedick together. However later in the play he is remorceful as he agrees without question to marry Leonatos niece. Depite her innocence and exposure Hero is sexually aware as she plots with Ursula to convince Beatrice that Benedick loves her. Nevertheless Hero very much responds to a situations initiated by others when she agr ees with the Friars plan to win back Claudio and pretends to die, the deceitful nature of her character is revealed.Whilst Hero and Claudio represent the Elizabethan norm in marriage, the relationship between Beatrice and Benedick is more profound and less conventional for the time. At the start they play down and are cynical about the subject of love and marriage. Both characters are talkative, outspoken and affluent of wit they hide their feelings for one another by engaging in a merry war (1. i. 56 ) of verbal sparring. This is illustrated in the first scene when Benedick says of BeatriceBenedick Well, you are a rare parrot-teacher.Beatrice A bird of my tongue is better than a beast of yours.Benedick I would my horse have the speed of your tongue, (1. i. 128-130)Benedick a mature and worldly wise character cannot make up his mind about marriage and privately believes he is unsuitable. His words are whilst witty are often shallow and destructive illustrated in the final line of the quote above Beatrice on the other hand a very clever, independent, strong and feisty female who is suspicious of men, scorns the institution of marriage, rejects men and rebels against the unequalised status of women. In Act 4 she says O that I were a man for his sake Or that I had any friend would be a man for my sake I cannot be a man with wishing, therefore I die a woman with grieving(1V. i. 321-31)She defends at all costs her spinsterhood, being jealous of Hero she is afraid of becoming an old maid and remaining the dependent niece of Leonato. Beatrice is clearly sad with her current status in society. Whilst a modern emancipated audience would easily be able to identify with Beatrices complaints, a Shakespearean one would find her character both fascinating and outrageous. Nevertheless this disputed story line would add spice to the play and foster discussion and audience participation, thus reservation it an enjoyable and entertaining experience.In vowing never to ma rry, Benedick sets himself up for a fall, openly he is full of bravado for example when he opens up to Don Pedro he constantly performs to the audience and other characters, by exaggerating everything. In Act 2 Scene he begs Don Pedro to send him away when Beatrice enters Will your grace command me any service to the worlds end ? I will go on the slightest errand now to the Antipodes. I will get under ones skin a toothpicker now from the furthest inch of Asia bring you the length of Prester Johns foot fetch you a hair off the Great Chams beard .. rather than hold three words multitude with this harpy. ( 11. i. 246-254)When he hears that Beatrice is in love with him he promises to love her better, however he hides his deeper senses until the latter stages of the play when he falls victim to a deception. He is totally unconscious(predicate) of the plot by Claudio and Don Pedro to bring Beatrice and himself together and believes every word he overhears in the garden during the seco nd act. Similarly Beatrice is also unaware of Hero and Ursulas deception indicating the couples general gullibility. Like Claudio Benedick has a deeper side to his character such as when he agrees to Beatrices request to kill Claudio after he jilted Hero.As far as delivery is concerned Shakespeare uses both verse and prose. He uses verse to characterise Claudio and Hero and express deep emotion to make it sound convincing, a regular and rhythmic pattern is used. This is illustrated in the last scene when Claudio at last marries HeroClaudio Give me your hand before this holy friar.I am your husband if you like of me.Hero And when I Livd , I was you other wifeAnd when you lovd , you were my other husband. ( V, iv, 58-61)Prose is chosen to represent the more serious fundamental interaction between Beatrice and Benedick. It is also more accessible to a largely uneducated audience who might have difficulty understanding the more complicated verse. Shakespeare also uses language to dif ferentiate between the social classes. stately well to do characters speak in flamboyant fancy language indicative of their importance and pedagogy whilst common barely educated characters such as Dogberry and Borachio speak in plane and simple and often inaccurate terms. For example Dogberry often gets his words completely wrong and makes ridiculous mistakes. In Act 3 Scene 3 he says Why, then, depart in peace, and let the child wake her with crying for ewe that will not hear her lamb when it baes will never answer a calf when he bleats. (3.3.74 76).In conclusion the play illustrates a kind or irony. The young passionate relationship between Hero and Claudio based on shallow first appearances deepens. As Claudio matures he takes to appreciate Hero as a real person when he realises her innocence and last marries her. Beatrice and Benedicks innate love is cemented, when in the final scene, they begin to realise the game they have been playing and see each other for who they real ly are. Benedick finally silences Beatrice with a kiss, and thus like all Shakespeares comedies the play ends in marriage between the two couples, allowing his audience to return home satisfied and in good spirit.BIBILOGRAPHY1. more Ado About Nothing William Shakespeare Arden (2001)2. Much Ado About Nothing Film starring Emma Thompson and Kenneth Brannagh.3. Much Ado About Nothing York Notes (1980)4. Much Ado About Nothing Spark Notes5. Internet www.gcseguide.co.uk

A Commentary on An Astrologers Day Essay Example for Free

A Commentary on An Astrologers Day EssayThe writers description of the astrologer leaves us in no suspect that he is a charlatan his equipment, costume and appearance all have a deliberate, theatrical calibre designed to convey the impression of a mystic power which he does non possess. Notice the authors wryly ironic comment that the abnormal gleam in his eye is really an outcome of a persistent searching for customers and his dry observation that even a half wits eyes would sparkle between such a painted forehead and dark whiskers. The deliberate artifice of the astrologer is make head management underlined by the authors use of phrases such as To crown the effect and This color scheme. The illusion is enhanced by the fact that the astrologer works in the eerie glow of a smoky fl atomic number 18 which adds to the enchantment of the place.The astrologers customers are depicted as gullible creatures who are irresistibly attracted to him like bees. But although the author portrays the astrologer as a fraud, his innocent customers are not shown in the light of hapless victims. The writer does not convict or deride the astrologer as a parasite but sees him as a man of affairs who gives his customers value for money he said things which pleased and astonished everyone that was more a matter of study, intrust and shrewd guesswork. All the same, it was as much an honest mans labor as any other, and he merited the wages he carried stead at the displace of the solar day.We are told that the astrologer has not chosen his affair by design. Intriguingly, the author informs us that he was once a simple farmer who had to leave home without telling anyone. Although the fact that he had to depart hurriedly and cash in ones chips far suggests that something dire occurred, the actual designer for his flight is not given, thus arousing our curiosity and conferring upon the exiled crazy a sense of mystery, more real than he could possibly create for himself in his bogus role of astrologer.Whilst he has no mystical powers, the astrologer is a shrewd psychologist. He diagnoses his customers problems by listening to their troubles and supplies them with solace and reassurance. Notice how he is careful to either rouse his clients woes on other people, or attribute their troubles to elements beyond their control. In this way, they all depart as satisfy customers.Our expectation is aroused by the suitably dramatic entrance of the astrologers enemy. For springs which dumbfound apparent later, the author has cleverly contrived the scene so that the man is initially no more than a dark trope who blots out the solitary shaft of light which remains after the nut vendors departure. Our initial impression of the stranger is unsympathetic he grumbles and truculently challenges the astrologer to prove his worth in the form of a bet. It is further after the bet has been agreed that the astrologer glimpses the mans shell whilst the latter is lighting a charoot. The sight of the mans face seems to shock the astrologer but again we are purposely given no explanation why.The astrologer is so dismayed that he tries to retract the wager and hurriedly leave but the man is ruthlessly insistent and becomes threatening. Surprisingly, the astrologer agrees to speak but only if the wager is increased to one rupee. Both the ratifier and the man are surprised to hear the astrologers seemingly miraculous divinations as he accurately describes the mans unappeasable past. The man is dismayed to learn that his thirst for revenge cannot be quenched since his enemy is already dead. He is further stunned to discover that the astrologer gos his name and accepts his admonition to return home and never travel southward again. The astrologer leaves the man with one consolation he tells him that his enemy received his just comeupance by dying a deservedly painful death.Our curiosity is lastly satisfied at the end of the story when the astr ologer goes home and reveals to his wife that the man in question was in fact the reason why he fled his village. Unbeknown to the man, he had ironically been consulting the very person he had been relentlessly searching for all these years For the astrologer, meeting his old enemy has been doubly rewarding firstly, the knowledge that he is not a murderer has lifted a great burden of guilt from his mind secondly, he has assured his future safety by tricking his antagonist into believing that he is dead. The story fittingly ends with the astrologer sleeping contentedly, having finally laid to rest the ghost of his guilt and successfully warded off the menacing specter of revenge.The authors technique in this story is more subtle than it first appears. Although we are just as surprised as the client when we first hear the astrologers uncannily accurate comments, our surprise is of a different nature since we know what Guru Nayak does not that the astrologer is a definite fraud. He nce, there is an ironic distancing between the reader and the astrologers antagonist which is further stretched by the fact that he is portrayed as an unsympathetic character.Whereas the initially skeptical Guru Nayak becomes increasingly convinced(p) of the astrologers mystic power, the reader becomes increasingly suspicious, especially when the astrologer correctly gives his clients name. Unlike Guru Nayak, the reader has not become increasingly mystified and overawed by the astrologers knowledge, but gradually realises that a connection must equal between Guru Nayaks story and the secret of the astrologers past. Hence, whilst the ending satisfies our curiosity, it does not come as a total surprise.We as well as share the astrologers final sense of relief, partly because we find Guru Nayak unpleasant but mainly because we admire the way in which he skilfully and successfully handles such a crisis of circumstance and manages to extricate himself from an extremely weighty situat ion. Rising to the occasion, he uses his professional acting skills and sharp wits to turn the tables on his overawed antagonist and transform a perilous predicament into godsend.Finally, the authors effective use of irony is worth commenting. Near the inception of the story, he writes that the astrologer knew no more of what was going to happen to others than he knew what was going to happen to himself adjoining minute. Given what is about to occur, these words become prophetically ironic. Note also the wry irony of the astrologers final complaint to his wife (The swine has cheated me) when he himself had perpetrated the greater deception and cleverly cheated Guru Nayak of his revenge. Lastly, the matter-of-fact title is a masterpiece of ironic understatement. An Astrologers Day implies that the story will describe an average or typical day in the astrologer life whereas the event related is both extraordinary and fateful.

Long Term vs. Short Term Focus in Communication Essay Example for Free

Long Term vs. Short Term Focus in Communication shewThere are pragmatic differences amidst gross revenue promotion and advertising, which marketers must bear in brainpower when attempting to communicate with the customers. The same case will apply when marketers attempt to communicate with customer by delineate the appropriate media and non-media communications that are aimed at driving customer interest, demand and gross sales agreement upwards. Brand economic judge does not always increase the sale of the fruit depending on the charge of the product and affordability. Instead, brand value may be more instrumental in customer retention. In the unretentive term, discounts have the potency of increasing product sales, but in the long term, the customers cognizance of the product may be contradict or positive as they ponder over why there was a discount. Primary Differences among sales promotion and advertising There are fundamental differences between sales promo tion and advertising. publicize is the form of communication via the diversity of media with the goal of persuading and making people aware of products or attend tos.Advertising is every bit a service to the target and consumers to inform them with truthful contents that are ethically generated in order of magnitude for it to be accepted by the public. Advertisements are clear, truthful, tasteful, precise, original, reputable and ethical communications to the public. (Guideline market, 1998). Sales promotion is the natural covering of incentives to elicit a positive reaction by the consumer. Sales promotion gives the consumer advantages of using the product or service on promotion. Sale promotions are characterised by sponsorship, free gifts and vouchers, public forum of information, exhibited, educative and consultative. wherefore the fundamental difference between and advertisement and sales promotion is the on their acceptability by the consumers. (Guideline Marketing, 1998) . some media and non-media merchandising communication that are typically employed to increase customer interest, demand and sales The media merchandising communication that are typically employed to increase customer interest demand and sales are digital media, print media, pod casting , narrow casting and broadcasting, posting mails, telephone selling, among others.(Promotion and integrated marketing communications, 2007) Non media marketing communication that are typically employed to increase customer interest, demand and sales are price discounts, non-media advertising, special offers, sales coupons, product and services sampling, product and service price rebates, competitions and raffles, games, product and service premium offers and counter promotions. (Promotion and integrated marketing communications, 2007) Does brand value always increase with increasing sales of the product?Not always does value always increases with increasing sale of the product. Perhaps it may ans wer in customer retention. But in some instances, it can increase sales because more sales are a sign that the customers are crediting the brand as well as their perceptions to the product. This has implications that more sales are solidifying the brand value as long as the product is being interchange for the purpose of brand building. Brand values that have increased sales due to high sale imply that the brand value is attractive.When the sales increase, there are signs that the customers are satisfied and are rim to make references to other over the value of the brand. (Bacak, 2006). How discounts have the potential to affect condensed term sales and long term brand value. Under a good marketing management, discounts have the potential of positively affective the short term sales and long term brand value depending on the perceptions of the customers on the brand following the discount. The understanding discount strategy is that the sale force is not overwhelmingly make head way motivated.Instead, the priority is to create value that customer perceive as satisfactory. Most business would create a discount to enable more consumers interact with the product or service. (Lin Lin, 2007, p. 1-131). According to Aaker (1991), discounts will provide short term sales competitiveness while customer benefit from the value that will be intensify in the long term. During the time that a brand is under discount sale force, the consumers are wedded a chance to identify the product or service with their needs. (Lin Lin, 2007, p. 1-131).An example of products where price discounts positive short term sales increase and long term brand value is the cosmetics. In this case the higher(prenominal) the discount the higher the sales as long as the brand image is highly placed. and then as soon as the discount is initiated, the short term sales shoot up and the consumers perception of the brand shift and this may be positive or negative. If negative, the consumer could b e expecting even more price discounts in the long term. (Lin Lin, 2007, p. 130). Conclusion This marketing communication paper has come out with very main(prenominal) lessons.First, in order to be successful in marketing communication, it is important to understand the fundamental differences between sale promotion and advertising so that the choice of media and non media communication can be rewarding to the marketing plan. Second, the possibility of an increasing brand value to increase sale is hinged on other factors like affordability. Finally, product price discounts have a short term effect of increased sales but a mixed effect on the brand value in the long term.Reference Aaker, D. A. (1991).Managing Brand equityCapitalizing on the Value of a Brand Name, NY The FreePress. Bacak, M. (2006, March 18). The Benefit of Branding Increase Your Sales and assist Your Product by Building a Solid Brand. Retrieved April 10, 2009, from http//ezinearticles. com/? The-Benefit-of-Brandin g-Increase-Your-Sales-and-Promote-Your-Product-by-Building-a-Solid-Brandid=163889 Guideline Marketing, (1998). Guidelines for publicity, advertising, practice promotion and allied marketing activities. Retrieved on April 10th, 2009, available at http//www.capelawsoc. law. za/Files%20for%20New%20Website/Guidelines/Advertising%20E. doc Lin, N. Lin B. , (2007, August). The effects of Brand Image and Products Knowledge on Purchase Intention Moderated by Price Discounts. Journal of International Management Studies. P. 1-131. Promotion and Integrated Marketing Communications, (2007). Marketing communications. Retrieved on April 10th, 2009, available at http//www2. cob. ilstu. edu/jsattaw/MKT%20230/Lectures/Lecture%209%20%20Promotion%20and%20Integrated%20Marketing%20Communication. ppt